Kushandiswa kwesimba rezuva kunodzokera nguva yakareba
Kurangarira nhoroondo yezvesimba rezuva kunotiunzira kudzoka kumatambudziko emagetsi kuma1970s uye nemafuta embargo, izvo zvakakonzera miganho mirefu panzvimbo dzekutengesa gasi, mitengo yakakwira yegesi uye kunyangwe kutya pakati pevatengi nevashandisi muUnited States. Iko kuziva kuti mafuta isiri-risingavandudzwe sosi iripo kubva kuma 1800s. Asi zvaingoitika panguva uye mushure mekunetswa kwesimba kwema1970s vanhu vakatanga kunyatsonzwisisa mhedzisiro yekuvimba kwakanyanya nesimba remagetsi rave kutoderera.
Nekudaro, kushandiswa kwesimba kwesimba hakuzi kukura chaiko. Izvo zvave zvichishandiswa nemagariro ekare kudziya, kupa chikafu uye kugadzirira zvirimwa uye zvakasiyana siyana zvekurima. Chii chiri chitsva matekinoroji anobatanidzwa mukushandiswa kwesimba iri uye mukushandiswa kwaro kwezuva nezuva nevanhu.
Iyi tekinoroji yakatanga muma 1830s apo Edmund Becquerel akaburitsa zvidzidzo zvake pamusoro pekuti zuva rinogona sei kubhurwa nesimba rinoshandika. Nekudaro, hapana munhu akashandisa zano iri, kana kuongorora chero shandiso inoshanda. Kufambira mberi kunotevera mumunda wesimba rezuva kunouya mushure memakumi matatu emakore kuburitswa kwemabasa ake naBecquerel.
Muna 1860, mambo weFrance akarayira Augusted Mouchout kuti awane mamwe masimba esimba. Uye Mouchout akatenderedza maziso ake kuti awane kufemerwa. Nhepfenyuro yake yezvikamu nesimba rezuva zvaive zvakashamisa panguva iyoyo. Zvigadzirwa zvake zvinosanganisira enjiniyamu yakasimba, inovenga-inomirira zuva, uye muchina unosevenzesa wemagetsi echando.
Mushure meMouchout, zvimwe zvinoverengeka zvakawanikwa zvakaitwa mumunda wesimba nesimba. Izvi zvinosanganisira basa raWilliam Adams muma 1870s, aishandisa magirazi kufambisa simba rezuva kushanda muchina chinjini. Pfungwa yekugadzira yeAdams Power Tower ichiri kushandiswa nanhasi. Rimwe rinoshamisa basa nderaCharles Fritz mukutanga kwema 1880s. Zvidzidzo zvake zvakanangana nekushandura zuva kuva magetsi, izvo zvaakazoita gare gare.
Asi chimwe chezvakakosha kukura kwesimba remazuva ano simba rakaitika muma1950s. Pakutanga kwemakore gumi, RS Ohl yakawana kuti mwenje wezuva wakaburitsa nhamba huru yemagetsi mahara kana yarova silicon. Zvino, mukati ma1950s, Gerald Pearson, Calvin Fuller naDaryl Chaplin vakakwanisa kutora aya emahara elektroni oashandura kuva magetsi. Nhasi, maseru e-silicon anoshandiswa kugadzira masokisi uye solar panera kuti asunge simba rezuva.
Pakare, aya masokisi ezuva akashandiswa zvine hungwaru uye chekutanga kuishandisa yaive munda wenzvimbo maeronautics. Aya maselicon-based solar masero ave achishandiswa kusimba ma satellites mukuyenderedza Nyika. Iyo Vanguard ini satellite yaive yekutanga kuvhurwa kuva nzvimbo nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemasero ezuva. Mamwe ma satellite akatevera.
Nhasi, kutsvagurudza kwakawanda uye zvidzidzo zviri kuenderera mberi pakushandiswa kwakanaka kwesimba remagetsi. Kunyanya nhasi, apo zvinonzi mumakore angangoita makumi matatu kusvika makumi mashanu, nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza mafuta munyika dzese dzichapera. Nekudaro, kutsvaga kwekunze kumwe kwesimba kwesimba kunoenderera. Zvinotarisirwa kuti zuva richabuda mumakore mashoma, zvanonoka kunetseka uye murume anogona kuve nesimba rake rose kusvika nhasi.
