Tsarin iska da makamashin hasken rana, daidai suke?

Yau a tsakiyar mataki shine yaƙi na shekaru. A cikin kusurwar dama, sanannen Hurricane an san cewa yana motsawa a hankali saboda iska shine ƙarfin iska. A kusurwar hagu, tare da kona mai ƙonewa, yana motsawa da saurin haske, ƙarfin hasken rana. Wutar lantarki idan aka kwatanta da makamashin hasken rana, wacce za a ayyana a matsayin zakara ta madadin motsi makamashi ?! Bari mu kasance a shirye mu tsawatar!

Ko wani abu kamar haka. Nayi nadamar wannan gabatarwar amma bazan iya taimaka muku ba. Na yi tunani cewa idan zan yi daidai da wata hanyar samar da kuzari zuwa wani, zan gabatar da tsokaci da yawa. Ka yi tunanin irin rawar dutsen.

A zahiri, akwai mahawara tsakanin masana muhalli har ma masana kimiyya kan ci gaban albarkatun makamashi saboda fa'idarsu da rashin amfanin su. Kasancewa da rashin son kai, ra'ayoyi da yawa sun nuna cewa wutar iska tana iya zama riba  a duniya   fiye da sarrafa ƙarfin hasken rana. Bari mu ga dalilan wannan ƙarshe.

Za'a iya samun nasarar amfani da hasken rana ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Amma hanya mafi sauƙi da za a iya amfani da ita a cikin ƙaramin gida tabbas mai yiwuwa ne a yi amfani da ƙwayoyin hotovoltaic ko photovoltaic ko sel. Abinda ya faru shine cewa hasken rana ya haska saman wani kwamiti mai daukar hoto (PV) wanda yake daukar hankali ta hanyar kirkirar wayoyin lantarki kyauta wadanda suke chanzawa don samar da wutar lantarki.

Energyarfin iska, a gefe guda, yana amfani da injin ƙira da  tsarin   shams wanda a ciki ake ɗaukar maganadisu ta hanyar waya. Lokacin da iska ta juya mai siyarwa da maganadisu a ciki, wayoyin lantarki suna tursasawa suyi tafiya da waya, suna samar da wutar lantarki.

Dukkan hanyoyin suna da sauki, amma mawuyacin halin yanzu yana cikin farashin samarwa kayan aikin da suka wajaba, musamman hanyoyin da zasu inganta samar da makamashi. Lokacin da aka gwada farashin samarwa na ƙwayoyin hotovoltaic da turbines na iska, ƙarshen yana da arha sosai don samarwa. Kodayake masana'antun ƙwayoyin selvoltaic suna nuna cewa kamar yadda buƙatun ƙwayoyin sel suke ƙaruwa, farashin samarwa yana raguwa. Lokaci ne kawai ya rage kafin sel sel su zama masu gasa.

Abubuwan dabarun kafa kayan shine wata matsalar. Panelungiyar hasken rana tana buƙatar sararin samaniya mai yawa kuma matsayin ku  a duniya   zai shafi yawan hasken rana da kuke karɓa sabili da haka, yawan kuzarin da kuke samarwa. Duk yadda kuka kasance daga masu siye, to abin da zaku iya amfani da hasken rana. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayoyin PV suna da matsakaicin aiki na 15 zuwa 20%.

Matsalar makamashin iska, a gefe guda, ita ce cewa ba duk yankuna zasu sami isassun iska ba don iska mai iska. Kuma idan kun gano wurin da iska take da ƙarfi kuma tana iya rage yawan iska, zaku iya gano cewa yankin shine (galibi) yawancin tsuntsaye iri-iri ke zaune. Ba kwa son kashe tsuntsayen da turbar ku, ko kuwa?

Don komawa cikin kwatanta tsakanin iska da rana, dole ne mu yarda cewa ƙarfin iska ya fi riba. Koyaya, hanyoyin samar da makamashi guda biyu zasu taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwarmu.